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Cooper U, Rio-style

Kendra Shimmell, Tamara Wayland and I recently enjoyed some Spring weather in beautiful Rio de Janeiro while sharing methods for interaction design, collaboration, and communication in an agile environment with forty employees of Globo.com, the Internet branch for Latin America's largest media conglomerate.

The team knew that Rio would be warm this time of year, but what really amazed us was the warmth and hospitality of the people we met. Andrë Braz, Globo.com's User Experience Design Manager and Art Director, and his team were engaged and inquisitive, and really hungry for ways to take their already successful site to the next level of efficiency and innovation.

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During the course we talked about how to effectively integrate user experience design into an agile environment, and shared techniques for collaboration and communication that are lightweight to create but provide big impact. The Cooper team showed Globo.com a blueprint for defining and designing digital products and services that centers on users, but within the context of business needs and implementation realities.

Here are a few snapshots from class: IMG_5248.png
Participants quickly grasped the value of focusing on goals and behavior patterns when developing personas.

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A cross-functional team works together to storyboard the key contexts and moments in time that their primary persona will interact with the product they are designing.

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A student sketches design concepts for the mobile experience.

The enthusiasm carried over into the final day of the week, during which we were joined by close to 80 Globo designers, developers, product managers, and executives. We can't wait to go back (and I am still dreaming of the feijoada we had on Friday afternoon).

Thank you Globo, and thank you Rio!

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Cooper helps TaskRabbit design new iPhone app for help with chores

TaskRabbit’s service connects people who want help with simple tasks—anything from walking the dog, standing in line at the DMV, or moving furniture—with “Rabbits,” a network of background-checked and pre-approved individuals who have the skills and time available to complete tasks.

TaskRabbit
With a design ideal for mobile task posting, the app provides a simple, seamless process for securing extra help.

Cooper designers collaborated closely with developers at Pivotal and the TaskRabbit team to design a user experience specifically optimized for busy, on-the-go people, offering timely help for folks with unfinished errands or other tasks. With just a spin of the wheel and a few taps, the app enables a task to be posted on the TaskRabbit service network in a matter of seconds with minimal, if any, typing.

TaskRabbit
Credits: Faith Bolliger, Jim Dibble, Glen Davis, Tim McCoy and Nick Myers.

TaskRabbit, has more than 1,500 runners in San Francisco, Boston, Los Angeles, and Orange County fulfilling up to 3,000 tasks per month and they just opened the service in New York City.

Congratulations to the TaskRabbit team, as the new app release has been featured on Mashable, TechCrunch, and Forbes and has received great reviews.

Download TaskRabbit at the App Store and start getting stuff done!

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Lean UX at Startup Lessons Learned

This week I had the pleasure of speaking about UX at Eric Ries' Startup Lessons Learned Conference. The event is at the center of the Lean Startup community and was attended by 400 entrepreneurs, developers, product managers, investors, and designers, with a simulcast audience of equal size.

I joined the "Design + Lean Startup = Lean UX" panel with Josh Seiden, Jeff Gothelf, and Zach Larson, hosted by Janice Fraser. We discussed the value of design in defining products and services, and shared techniques for incorporating design into startup culture and organizations.

The startup community is hungry for good UX, and entrepreneurs, investors, and developers alike are recognizing the value and experience designers can contribute to a successful product team. Here's some highlights of the overwhelmingly positive response:

@navneetaron
#leanux is awesome. silicon valley companies both large and small can benefit from it. my learning from #sllconf
@dshdle
Super motivated & inspired! started morning watching "Design + Lean startup = #LeanUX" talk
@ericries
You could hear a pin drop in here while @clevergirl explaining "test / invest" or "prove / improve" cycles.
@ClintonWu
Customer dev and UX are the same thing. Epiphany.
@rickperreault
@manjeetdadyala Loving the leanUX panel. Eye opening session. #sllconf #leanux +1 Very important to bridge design & dev

And perhaps my favorite, here's a reminder we designers are not the only ones saying "duh, if you'd listen to what I have to say, things could be so much better!"

@geoffclapp
Designers and consultancies are starting to understand&embrace #leanstartup. Not only cost of deployment&development has changed

For your viewing pleasure, here's the Justin.tv archive of the panel (my talk on Product Stewardship starts around 21:30.)


Watch live video from Startup Lessons Learned on Justin.tv

You can find the deck on slideshare here: http://goo.gl/o5nVB


I encourage you to watch all the segments from the conference. A few in particular stood out for me:

Brad Smith of Intuit discussed how his Fortune 1000 company runs on startup principles: no teams larger than two pizzas can feed; hire good people and provide an environment for them to succeed; and foster a strong sense of responsibility throughout the team.

Mitch Kapor talked about his transition from old-school entrepreneur to lean startup advocate and how his overnight success at Lotus lead him to believe it was easy: "I gave bad advice for 25 years."

James Birchler of IMVU detailed lessons his team learned about the limits of A/B testing and the value of developing good hypotheses to validate through testing and feedback.

Finally, please take five minutes to watch Eric Ries' closing remarks - he does a great job summing up the spirit of the day and highlights the value of design to the Lean Startup movement.


Watch live video from Startup Lessons Learned on Justin.tv



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LeanUX workshop recap

In partnership with Janice Fraser of LUXr, Cooper hosted a two-day workshop to share our emerging thoughts around lean user experience and agile product stewardship with a group of designers, developers, and product strategists from Cooper, Adaptive Path, Hot Studio, 500 Startups, and several other organizations.

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We spent the first day exploring the intersecting arcs of lean startup, customer development, user centered design, and lean and agile development. Each of these approaches to making software look at the puzzle from a unique perspective: lean startup and customer development come from the world of business and entrepreneurship; lean and agile development practices strive to build healthy collaborative teams and coerce order and purpose from the sometimes chaotic world of programming; user centered design emphasizes understanding and empathy for people served by the software we create. Lean UX and product stewardship seeks to weave together best practices from all of these approaches.

Material from first day of the workshop is available on Slideshare.net at http://goo.gl/aJwdm

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The next day, the group put their new thinking to work helping Change.org envision and clarify a new initiative. It was fascinating to see founders of early stage startups and consultants to Fortune 500 companies find common ground in their approaches. Some were learning to recognize the particular value of narrative to provide context around features, others identifying places where their existing processes could be more lightweight or robust. When we were done, the fine folks of Change.org had three promising approaches and everyone understood a little bit more about how to move our practice forward.

I'll have much more to say about the ideas and practices behind lean UX and agile product stewardship and I'm excited about sharing our experiences and learning from yours.

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Integrating solve and do

The industrial age divided our world into white-collar and blue-collar workers. Those with white collars went to college, worked in an office, solved problems, and made decisions. Those with blue collars went to high school or trade school, worked in a factory, performed work, and followed orders. “Solve” was separated from “do”.

But in our contemporary world of knowledge workers, very little of it can be teased into separate “solve versus do”. Today, doing is an integral part of solving, and solving is an integral part of doing. We are all “no-collar” workers: smart, well-educated, solving problems, and performing work.

The successes by state-of-the-art practitioners in both agile development methods and UX have given rise to a desire for more effective collaboration. Once a programmer has seen what well-applied agile methods can accomplish, she soon begins to yearn for a better user-facing strategy. Likewise, once a designer has seen what good interaction design methods can accomplish, he soon desires to work with a strong development team open to collaboration.

Many advanced thinkers have already tried a first order solution: agile programmers have requested input from designers, and UX designers have attempted to squeeze their work into the timeboxed cycles of agilistas. The results have been promising, tantalizing, but somehow not quite there yet. It has become clear that while both UX and agile are effective methods, a combined “agile-UX” method will be something different from—something beyond—a simple addition of the two.

This past weekend, in a creatively messy office space in Tribeca, two dozen such advanced thinkers got together for the third installment of a working group dedicated to addressing this worthy challenge.

The group, which calls itself the “Agile UX Retreat”, consists of about 50 people, who borrow time away from work to participate. The group actively seeks and invites promising newcomers, but there is a core of twenty or so who attend every meeting.

At last week’s third meeting, the group shifted into a higher gear and made remarkable progress. They weren’t so much “post-agile” or “post-UX”, as they were “post-doctrine” and “post-hostility”. The thinking, speaking, and exchange of ideas, vision, and practice was not only of a remarkable quality, but it consistently transcended its component pieces. Beyond talk of design or agile, beyond talk of design and agile, the talk was of what the organization can be—and must be—when everyone in it is committed to the principles of user-centered, collaborative, iterative teamwork.

Much of the gruntwork of figuring out how this new organization works is being done by the “lean startup” folks, spearheaded by the likes of Eric Ries and Steve Blank. Lean startup has really only been practiced in tiny little startup companies, where, when you talk to the “product owner”, you really are talking to the product owner. While this is only a microcosm of the larger corporate reality, it is a valuable test-tube in which experiments can be conducted. In other words, we can learn a hell of a lot about how to run a big company by seeing how this stuff works in little companies.

But the core ideas of lean startup aren’t so much new as they are simply the beliefs of agile and UX, brought together effectively in a business context. Half of the lean startup’s principles are bedrock to agilists, while the other half are foundational to user experience professionals.

Not just the designers and not just the programmers, but everyone has to center their work on satisfying the customers. You need to have sublime confidence that the only way to deliver a successful product or service is by first delivering some version that is wrong, or at least, not quite right. That is, success on the first try is not within the capabilities of humans. Iteration and incrementing are integral parts of a post-industrial approach to product development.

At the union of “solve” and “do” we find the definition of the twenty-first-century business. Even though we are still at the beginning of this journey, it’s clear that we are finally on the right track.

Related reading

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Things I learned at Agile Up To Here

(This was originally published on Playwell, Alan's personal blog.)

Elisabeth Hendrickson has recently opened a new test-and-development training facility in Pleasanton CA called Agilistry. It’s bright and airy, well-lit and well-stocked, and it feels like home the minute you walk in. In order to publicize her new facility, she very generously hosted a week-long intensive learning exercise.

She invited eleven different people with widely varied skill sets, backgrounds, and interests. She challenged them to build a website in five days using the best practices of interaction design, agile programming, and test-driven-development. We christened it “AgileUpToHere” (#au2h) and it exceeded everyone’s expectations (you can see our results here).

Since it was my 15-year-old homophone web site that was being rebuilt, I nominally played the role of product owner, but I was an observer, an instigator, a goad, and a participant. It’s hard to remember when I had so much fun or learned so much. If you want to learn to be great, I strongly recommend Elisabeth and Agilistry.

Things I learned:


  1. After 25 years, it’s time to lose the Windows computer and get a Mac.

  2. Good agile developers are self confident; confident enough to trust interaction designers to do interaction design without distrustful oversight.

  3. There are lots of programmers who understand that relational databases are not the only approach to solving problems.

  4. It is time to build software.

  5. Test-driven-development isn’t fully understood. In fact, software testing isn’t fully understood.

  6. When even the leanest developer in the room sees really high quality BDUF (big design up front) for the first time, they get all woo-woo and want some for themselves.

  7. Getting good software built demands the contributions of many different personalities, competencies, and roles, most of which are new and as-yet ill-defined.

  8. Two programmers pairing can create more and better code in less time than one programmer can (I already knew this, but it’s always good to see it in action).

  9. Even this jaded old fart can still get excited about changing the world.

  10. There are many undiscovered and unfilled product niches on the Web, and one of them is “quality”.

  11. People want a leader with a vision.

  12. Elisabeth Hendrickson (@testobsessed) is a magical woman. To paraphrase Tom Robbins, “she’s been around the world eight times and met everybody twice.” Like a great chef or symphony conductor, Elisabeth knows how to combine the unexpected to create the sublime. She brought together a dozen people from all over the country, each with different skills, background, desires, and expectations, and then she blended them together into a cohesive, happy, effective team.

  13. The pre-written code I arrived with was called “legacy” with a grimace, and was quarantined until discarded. Moral: Non-TDD (test-driven development) code is properly regarded like a ticking time bomb.

  14. For interaction design, you can’t have too many white boards, made from porcelain-coated steel, firmly mounted to the wall. For agile development, that isn’t such a big deal.

  15. Story-mapping is a major component of the bridge between interaction design and agile development.

  16. Story-tracking software isn’t quite there yet.

Common ground

The biggest problem in software today is that programmers and designers simply don’t work well together. They certainly want to, but each craft sees the problem from their own point of view and, with the best intentions, each tries imposing their methods on the other group. But even agile developer’s sharpest tools aren’t going to work well for designers, and likewise, even the designer’s sharpest tools aren’t going to help programmers.

The solution will be to find some common ground where each craft is open to the best contributions of the other, without either side being forced to sacrifice their inherent strengths.

I believe that the solution, like most big things, will be relatively simple in concept, yet getting there from here won’t be easy.

Today, most of the pathologies of both designers and programmers can be traced to their mutual lack of experience working together. Most programmers will tell you their biggest problem is coping with rapidly changing requirements. Most designers will tell you their biggest problem is unresponsive programmers.

In the modern, agile world, programmers defend themselves against changing requirements by showing customers the program as often as possible, and by being able to make rapid changes to suit the customers expressed needs.

Interaction designers defend themselves against uncooperative programmers by doing ever more detailed design and documenting it with greater accuracy, detail, and precision.

But modern, agile programmers can work so flexibly that they don’t need all of that detailed and precisely written design. If designers could just blend into the development team, they could communicate their design directly without the overhead of documentation. They could provide a kind of just-in-time design service to the programmers.

On the other hand, interaction designers can master the driving principles of even the most complex domain so that programmers don’t need to make all of those changes. With a comparatively brief and inexpensive field study, designers can vanquish the changing requirements problem almost completely.

Ironically, the common ground for agile developers and interaction designers is one where the major problem faced by each craft separately is largely solved by the simple presence of the other craft, working collaboratively at a peer level.

That’s really good news for cost-conscious business people (now that’s redundant). Having designers and developers collaborate is very economical. Most of the cost of interaction design is incurred in the documentation and communication of that design. Similarly, most of the cost of software development is incurred in traversing blind alleys trying to elicit useful guidance from the stakeholders. Effective collaboration simultaneously discards the need for the two most expensive parts of product development, while driving quality—and user desirability—through the roof.

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An Insurgency of Quality

Dave Hussman, one of the leaders of the post-agile movement, recently hosted a one-day conference on the topic of “Redesigning Agility”, and invited me to give a plenary talk. The focus of the conference and my talk were how to integrate agile development with interaction design. I was very pleased with how things went.

Here you will find the complete text of my talk, entitled “An Insurgency of Quality”, along with all of the slides I showed. I made a few ad libs, but mostly stayed with the script in order to assure that my message not be misunderstood.

The conference, called “Code Freeze” (due to it being January in Dave’s home town of Minneapolis), was sold out and the audience was razor sharp. The attendees were developers; that is, mostly programmers, but with lots of designers, coaches, testers, and managers, and not a few who wore several of those hats.

This talk is a complement to one with the same title I delivered at the IxDA's Interaction08. That one was directed at designers; this one is for developers.

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My vision of Agile

Lots of ivory tower software experts cheerfully follow their own muse, but in the world of business, the dreams of money-makers are usually in conflict with the dreams of geeks.

In the business world, software developers have always been the whipping boy. In commerce, the delivered-software never matched the envisioned-software, and the technologists got the blame. Executives have always been unhappy about their inability to effectively direct and exploit software development. The only tool that seemed to get results for managers was to keep programmers on a ridiculously short leash by allocating resources in tiny increments. The results weren’t good, but they tended to prevent colossal disasters, which was, apparently, good enough for business.

Over many years, in self defense, programmers increasingly hunkered down to protect themselves. They aggressively lowered the expectations of their managers. They tried to commit to the least possible performance to avoid blame. All they really accomplished was to avoid good performance.

Blending Agile and UCD at CHIFOO

The Computer-Human Interaction Forum of Oregon (CHIFOO) hosted Lane Halley and Jeff Patton for a talk and workshop on blending agile practices and user-centered design. On Wednesday night, May 6th, Lane and Jeff presented a talk titled “Making Sense of User-Centered Design and Agile.” Thursday, May 7th, Lane and Jeff taught a full-day workshop titled “All Together Now: Blending Interaction Design and Agile Development Techniques.”

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The slides from the May 6th talk are available on SlideShare. Pictures of the May 7th workshop are available on Flickr.

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